Automatic regulator for impact water-wheels.



J. CAGHIN. AUTOMATIC REGULATOR POB. IMPAOT WATER WHEELS.

PPLIoATIoN msn SEPT. 25. 100s.

JEAN CACEIN, OF ZURICH, SWITZEBLAN'I').`

AUTOMATIC BEGLATOR FOB IMPACT WATER-WHEELS.

Speoication of Letters Payant.

Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

Application led September 25, 1908. Serial No. 454,753.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN CAoHIN, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, re-

siding at Zurich, in the Canton of Zurich and Republic of Switzerland,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in AutomaticRegulators for Impact Water- Wheels, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forminga part thereof.

This invention relates more particularly "to high pressure water lwheelsof the impact type. Its main object is to automatically regulate t-hepower appliedvto operate the wheel at a substantially constant speedunder varying load, without causing sudden and dangerous yfluctuationsof pressure-in the supply pipe or conduit and without wastel of water orpower.,

It consists in certain novel features of construction and in thepeculiar arrange ment and combinations of parts as hereinafterparticularly described and pointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawing shows in vertical longitudinal sectionautomatic regulating mechanism embodying the invention as applied to animpact water wheel.

a designates the nozzle arranged to direct a jet of water against thevanes or buckets b p of a water wheel, in the usual or any suitducer forvarying the area of the dis'- charge orifice of the nozzle .or of thesize .of thejet issuing therefrom. i It may oonsist as shown, of aneedle or tapering valve, movable axially in and out of the dischargeorifice.

g is a servo-motor having a differential .piston h which' is connectedwith the deflector e and adapted to move the samey more or less into andout of the path of the jet f end of piston la, before it can between thenozzle a and the path of thel wheel buckets. z is a similar motor havingaditferential piston y', which. may' be direducer f. Thelarger ends orworking faces of the pistons la, andl j are of substantially the samearea, while the smaller end or'working face of the piston lz. is ofgreater area than that of the smaller end or working face of the pistonj.

.c is a Huid pressure supply pipe havin connections in open communicatmnwith the smaller ends of the cylinders of the motors g and z', or theends thereof toward which the smaller ends or working faces of thepistons it and j are presented. It is also connected with a balancedregulating or relay valve Z, which is in turn connected with the largerend of the motor cylinder g, or the end t ereof toward which the largerend or working face of the piston h is presented. The valve Zhas adischarge or waste connection m, and the valve head n, which is shown inits normal closed position, controls the admission and release of fluidto and from the larger end of the motor c linder g. A pipe o providedwith a diaphragm p with a restricted opening for the passage of themotive fluid, connects the larger `end of the motor cylinder g' with thecorresponding end of the motor cylinder z'.

The stem of the balanced regulating or relay valve is connected with onearm of a floating lever g which is pivotally connected between its endswith the vertically movable collar r of the governor c. The other arm ofthis lever is connected by a rod with a floating lever s, the ends ofwhich are pivoted to arms of both crank levers t and u, with the otherarms of which the pistons and y' are connected.

The regulating mechanism thus shown and descmbed operates4 as follows:Assuming that a considerable and lsudden reduction Jof load takes place,momentaril increaslng the speed of the water whee the governor actsthrou h the lever` to lift the valvel head n and a mit fluid underpressure into the larger end of the motor cyhnder g, the Huid actingimmediately on the larger through the restricted o ening in the aphragmp suilicientlyto affect the pistonj, moves said piston h to the right,thereby carrying the defiector e into the path of the jet and d1-verting more or less of the jet from the path ofthe buckets bJ accordinto the extent of the reduction 1n load an the conserectly connected withthe needle valve or i -the ' pipe o and quent increase of speed. Thismovement of iston hto the-right, op erates through the eating levers sand g andgtheir connections to return the valve head n toits .nor-

mal position, as shown, thereby cutting oli' communication between thepressure sup ly pipe c and the motor g. Immediately ollowing theshifting of the dellector e as above stated, the fluid flowing throughthe the restricted `opening in the diaphragm p from the motor g intoAthe cylinder of the motor i, graduallymoves the piston y' to the right,v,while the piston z is gradually moved back to its orlginal position atthe left by the unbalanced pressure on its smaller face, which isgreater than the pressure on the smaller face of the iston j. Thedeflector e is thus withdrawn rom the jet, while the valve or reducer fis 'advanced to a position in which it restricts the jet to an extentcorresponding with' the portion thereof first diverted by the deiectore. The

'instantaneous or prompt action of the deflector e in response to thegovernor, prevents material Variations in the speed of the water wheel,without causing sudden fluctuations of pressure and dangerous shocks inthe water supply pipe or conduit leading to the wheel. This means ofregulation alone is however wasteful of water and power, but

\ the operation of the deflector bein immediotherwise occur.

ately followed by that of the va ve or reducer f, which by its gradual"movement correspondingly reduces -the size of thel jet Without causinga sudden increase of pressure in the supply pipe and nozzle a, avoidsthe waste of water and power which would water wheel is increased,demanding more power, the resulting -reduction of speed causes thegovernor operating through the lever gto move the valve head fn.downward,

s thereby establishing communication between the motor cylinder z'throughthe ypipe o and motor cylinder g with the discharge or waste pipem and releasing the fluid from the larger end ofthe cylinder z'. rlheunbalanced pressure on the smaller end or face of piston j thengradually forces said piston to the left, withdrawing the valve orreducer f'more or lessfrom the orice of the nozzle a, according to theincrease in load and derlhis movement ofLthe piston y' operating throughthe floating levers sand and their connections, returns the valve head nto its normal' position, shut- 'ting 0E communication between the motorsHand the waste or discharge pipe m.

The valve or reducer f will ret-ain the position to which it is thusadjusted until a further variation in the load occurs. l

Whenever a slight or gradual decrease of load occurs, causing a' slightopening of the valve head n not greater than the opening in thediaphragm p, the piston h and the denoaaoea vj lf now Athe load on the,l

Hector e will remain 11m-scent, while' the f fluid underpressure'fromthe supply pipe le' passing through the'larger end of the cyl- .inder gand the pipeo into the' larger 'end of the cylinder z', gradually, movesthepiston i to the r1ght and advances the valve or re'- ducer;c into aposition to reduce the jetas, 'requ1red, w1thout materially affectingthe, )pressure 1n the water supply .pipe or conduit.

Either the delector vor the needle valve o r reducer may be used -aloneto regulate the water wheel tem orarily in case one of said devices isout o orde'r or for anyrea'son itv `becomes inoperative or necessary'.or desirable to disconnect it. i -f Various changes inthe constructionand arrangement/of parts may be made without depart-ure from theprinciple and scope of the invention, which is not intended to be'lim-itedto details exce t such as are expressly includedin the c aims.

l claim: v 1.- In an.,automatic regulator for impact water wheels thecombination with `a jet.

nozzle and' a governor, of means for diverting more or less of thenozzle jet from the water wheel and means for varying the size of saidjet comprising. motors, a valve controlling the operation of saidmotors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and withrsaid motors `'and adapted to` automatically returnsaid valve to itsnormal position after movementthere- -of by the governor.

, 2.- n an automatic regulator .for impact water wheels, the combinationwith a jet nozzle and a governor, of means for diverting more or less ofthe-.nozzle jet from the water wheel, andmeans for varying' the size ofsaid jet comprising motors, a fluid pressure supplyA connection with thejet-diverting motor, a Valve controlling the admission and release ofHuid to and from said motor through said connection, a restricted -fluidpassage connecting said motors, and mechanism connect-i said valve withthe governorand with said motors and adapted .to return the valve to itsnormal position after movement thereof by the governor.

' 3. In an automatic regulator for impact water wheels, the combinationlwith a jet nozzle and a governor, of means for diverting more or llessof the nozzle jet from the water wheel and means for varying the size ofsaid jet comprising motors, a Huid pressure supply connection withthejet-diverting motor, a valve controlling the admission and release offluid through said connection, a restricted fluid connection betweensaid motors, and floating lever mechanism connecting said valve with thegovernor and with -said `motors and adapted to return the valve to itsnormal position after movement thereof bythe governor.

4. ln an automatic regulator for impact Losanna;

water wheels the combination with a jet nozzle and a governor actuatedby the water wheel, of a movable deflector for diverting more or less ofthe jet, 'a reducer for varying the size of the jet, motors eachcomprising a cylinder and a differential piston, one connected with thedeflector and the other with4 the reducer, the smaller face of thepiston connected with the deflector being of greater area than thesmaller face of the other piston, a constant fluid pressure supplyconnection with the smaller ends of said cylinders, a restricted fluidpassage connecting the larger ends of said cylinders, and a fluidpressure supply connection with the larger end of the deflector motorprovided with a valve which is connected with the governor,substantially as described.

5. In an automat-ic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combinationwith a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the Water Wheel, of amovable deflector adapted to divert more or less of the jet from theWheel buckets, a reducer adapted to vary the size of the jet, motorsconnected with said deflector and reducer, a valve controlling theoperation of said motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with thegovernor and the motors and adapted to automaticallyreturn the valve toits normal position after movement thereof by the governor,substantially as described.

6. In an automat-ic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combinationWith a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the Water Wheel, of amovable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motorsconnected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supplyconnection with the deflector motor, a valve controlling the admissionand release of fluid to and from said motor through said connection, arestricted fluid passage connecting said motors, and mechanismconnecting said valve with the governor and the motors and adapted toreturn the valve to its normal position after movement thereof by thegovernor, substantially as described;

7. In anautomatic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combination witha jet nozzle. and a governorvactuated by the Water Wheel, of a movabledeflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motors havingdierential pistons connected one with the delector and the other withthe reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the larger end ofthe deflector motor, a lvalve controlling the admission and release offluid through said connection, a restricted fluid connection between thelarger ends. of the motors, constant fluid pressure supply connectionsWith the smaller ends of the motors, the smaller end of the deflectorpiston being of greater area than the smaller end of the reducer piston,and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and the motorpistons and ada ted to return the valve to its normal positlon aftermovement thereof by the, governor. substantially as described.

8. Inan automatic regulator for impact -water wheels the combinationwith ajet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water wheel, of amovable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon'the jet, motorsconnected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supplyconnection with the deflector motor, a valve controlling the admissionand release of fluid through said connection, a restricted fluidconnection between said motors, and floating lever mechanism connectingsaid valve with said governor and the motors and adapted to return thevalve to its normal position after movement thereof bythe governor,substantially as described. l

9. In an automatic regulator for impact Water wheels the combinationwith a iet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water wheel, of amovable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motorsconnected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supplyconnection with the deflector motor and a restricted fluid connectionleading therefrom to the reducer motor, a balanced valve controlling theadmission and release of fluid through said connections to and fromlbot-h motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor andmotors and adapted to return the valve to its normal position aftermovement thereof by the governor, substantially as described.

10. In an automatic regulator for impact water Wheels the combinationwith a jet nozzle and a centrifugal governor actuated by the waterWheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon thejet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressuresupply connection with the deflector motor, a restricted fluidconnection leading therefrom to the reducer motor, a balanced valvecontrolling the admission and release of fluid through said connectionsto and from both motors, and floating lever mechanism connecting saidvalve with the governor and with each motor and adapted to return thevalve Yto its normal position after movement thereof by the governor,substantially yas described.

11. In an automatic regulator for impact Water wheels, the combinationwith a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water `wheel, of meanscontrolled by the governor and adapted to promptly divert more or lessof the jet when a considerable and sudden increase in the speed of thegovernor occurs, means also controlled by the gover'nor and adapted togradually and correspondingly reduce the size of the jet accordingtoreduction in load and demand for zo, new.;

12. ln anI automatic regulator for impact .,Water wheels, thecombination With a )et nozzle and a governor, of means for divertingmore or less of the jet from the Water wheel, and means for/varying thesize of the jet comprising motors, valve mechanism controlling theoperation of the motors, means for causing the slow advance of thewaarmee jet varying means as the jet diverting means retires to itsneutral position after advance vniovemel'it thereof, and lever mechanismconnecting said valve mechanism and motors y with the governor and adated to automatically return said valve mec anism to its neutral positionafter each movement thereof` by the governor and to permit the advanceof the jet varying means as the jet diverting rreans retires Withoutaffecting the governor orivalve mechanism. l

In Witness whereof I hereto afiix my signature in presence of twoWitnesses.

. K JEAN oAoHiN.

TWitnesses: i WILLIAM A. NUssiiAUMEiz, GEO. T. SCHUBELER.

